![]() Multi-Core Many-Core Number of ALUs Memory Bandwidthġ1 Power of the Crowd SM SP SIMT Streaming Multiprocessor GPUs are designed as numeric computing engines and much more chip area is dedicated to the floating-point calculations. It makes use of sophisticated control logic and large cache memories to allow instructions from a single thread to execute in parallel and reduce the instruction and data access latencies. GPU Multi-Core Many-Core CPU GPU Number of ALUsĬache ALU Control DRAM DRAM CPU GPU The design of a CPU is optimized for sequential code performance. Peach Meat: Parallel Problems, partially covered by GPGPU (Blue) Arc: The barrier between parallel computing and sequential problemsġ0 CPU vs. Highly restricted access to input/output Very tedious, limited success with painstaking effortsĩ Trend of Computing Peach Pit: Sequential Problems, covered by CPU Launched through OpenGL or DirectX API calls Input data are stored in texture images and issued to the GPU by submitting triangles. Massively Parallel, Simple Operations Suitable for compute-intensive engineering problems The original problem needs to be cast into native graphics operations. This is well suited to parallel processing, and most modern GPUs have multiple shader pipelines to facilitate this, vastly improving computation throughput.ħ Anti-Aliasing Triangle Geometry Aliased Anti-AliasedĨ GPGPU General-Purpose Computing on GPUs Shaders are written to apply transformations to a large set of elements at a time, for example, to each pixel in an area of the screen, or for every vertex of a model. Pixel shaders, also known as fragment shaders, compute color and other attributes of each fragment. Rasterization is the process by which the 2D image space representation of the scene is converted into raster format and the correct resulting pixel values are determined. The purpose is to transform each vertex's 3D position in virtual space to the 2D coordinate at which it appears on the screen (as well as a depth value for the Z-buffer). Memory Structure Intermediate Kernel Vector Addition Matrix Multiplication Shared Memory Advanced Warp Memory Access Resource Optimization Dynamic Parallelism Extension Floating Point Stream Multiple GPUs Parallel Matlabģ What is GPU? Graphics Processing Unit First GPU: GeForce 256 (1999)Ĭonnected to motherboard via PCI Express High computational density and memory bandwidth Massively multithreaded many-core chips Traditionally used for real-time rendering Several millions units are sold each year.Ĥ Graphics Cards PowerEdge C410x PCIe Expansion Chassisĥ GPU Pipeline Vertex shaders are run once for each vertex given to the graphics processor. Bo YuanĢ Overview Foundation Intermediate Advanced Extension GPU CUDA Thread
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